目的 探讨2005-2014年济南市托幼儿童传染病的发病规律及流行特征,为制定科学的托幼机构传染病防治对策与措施提供依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对济南市幼托儿童传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 济南市2005-2014年共报告幼托儿童传染病23种39 217例,年平均发病率1 957.73/10⁵,肠道传染病报告发病占69.15%(27 119/39 217),发病数居前五位的传染病依次为手足口病、水痘、流行性腮腺炎、猩红热和细菌性痢疾,占传染病报告发病总数的96.95%。各年累计发病高峰为5～7月份。结论 报告发病率呈上升趋势;托幼机构应以肠道传染病防控作为工作重点,加强托幼机构传染病流行高发季节的监测报告和预防控制工作;有针对性的强化健康教育工作,做好晨、午检工作,减少疾病传播。

Objective To explore the occurrence rule and epidemiologic feature of infectious diseases in child care children in Jinan from 2005 to 2014,provide the scientific basis for making the control strategies and measures of infectious diseases in preschools. Method The descriptive study was conducted to analyze the infectious diseases in preschools in Jinan during these periods. Results From 2005 to 2014,39 217 cases of 23 species of infectious diseases of child care children were reported,the average annual reported rate was 1 957.73/10⁵.69.15%(27 119/39 217) of total cases were enteric infectious diseases.The top five diseases were hand-foot-and-mouth disease,varicella,epidemic parotitis,scarlatina and bacillary dysentery which accounted for 96.95%.The cumulative peak of each year was from May to July. Conclusions The reported incidence shows a increasing tendency the prevention and control of enteric infectious diseases should be as the focus in preschools,strengthen surveillance and report of the infectious diseases among child care children especially in epidemic seasons.Strengthen health education work pertinently,do well in the morning and noon inspection to reduce the spread of diseases.