肥胖儿童的数量增长迅速,预计到2020年,肥胖儿童发病率将增长至9.1%,大约有将近6 000万超重和肥胖儿童。肥胖能引起各种严重危害健康的并发症,并且肥胖能使许多疾病及死亡提前到来。其中代谢综合征即为肥胖引起的并发症之一,代谢综合征是指一组以代谢性异常为共同特征的疾病包括糖耐量异常,高血压,血脂代谢紊乱及中心性肥胖。尽管许多医疗机构及组织认同肥胖,高血压,脂质代谢紊乱和血糖代谢异常应该被纳入代谢综合征的诊断,但是关于代谢综合征,目前仍没有十分统一的标准。我国对青少年及儿童代谢综合征的诊断主要采用2012年中华医学会儿科学分会内分泌遗传代谢学组制定的标准,根据我国儿童生长发育特点,新的标准主要包括以下四个方面:1)肥胖;2)高血糖;3)高血压;4)脂代谢紊乱。目前,对于代谢综合征,临床治疗目标就是通过综合治疗干预手段提高个体及全人类的健康,减少代谢综合征引起的不良后果。其中,最基础的治疗手段是通过生活及运动干预方式减轻体重,其次是治疗代谢综合征引起的并发症。
关键词
儿童肥胖 /
代谢综合征 /
诊断标准 /
治疗方案
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