目的 探讨不同运动项目对学龄儿童注意力各水平的不同影响。方法 选取赣州市3~6年级的学龄儿童为研究对象,分为实验组(包括乒乓球组、羽毛球组、武术组)和对照组,采用PASS模型中的注意分测验作为实验的测量工具。以前测注意力水平作为协变量予以控制,利用协方差分析考察四组被试后测时分别在表达性注意、数字检测、接受性注意及注意总分上的差异。结果 乒乓球、羽毛球及武术运动组在总的注意力水平上显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。在表达性注意及接受性注意能力水平上,三个实验组均显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而在数字检测能力水平上,只有乒乓球和武术组差异有统计学意义。结论 乒乓球、羽毛球及武术运动对学龄儿童注意力水平的提高均有不同程度的积极影响。

Objective To find an effective way to improve the level of attention of school-age children. Methods Literature,experiment,questionnaire and deeply-interview were used,and 129 primary school students were chosen from three to six grade of Ganzhou city and divided into two groups-experimental group and control group.The attention subtests based on PASS theory were adopted to assess different effects of different sports on individual's attention level. Results With the attention level in the pretest as covariates,analysis of covariance showed that table tennis,badminton and martial arts training all could improve total attention level of school-age children;Individually,table tennis,badminton and martial arts all could enhance one's abilities to inhibit interference stimulus to choose target stimulus and one's ability to control information processing.while in the ability to distribute attention resources and transfer attention flexiblely,only table tennis and martial arts had positive effects. Condusion Different sports could have different effects on the attention of school-age children.