目的 探讨小学留守儿童社会支持与亲社会倾向的现状和两者之间的关系, 为留守儿童的健康成长教育和积极品质培养提供理论参考。方法 采用青少年社会支持量表和青少年亲社会倾向量表对156名小学留守儿童和163名非留守儿童进行调查, 统计方法采用描述性统计分析、t检验、相关分析和回归分析。结果 小学留守儿童社会支持和亲社会倾向的总体水平处于中等偏高, 主观支持、支持利用度及六种亲社会倾向的得分与非留守儿童差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 客观支持得分显著低于非留守儿童(P<0.05);社会支持与亲社会倾向存在一定程度的正相关(r=0.04~0.25, P<0.05或<0.01);主观支持对公开的、匿名的、利他的、依从的、紧急的亲社会倾向均具有显著的正向预测作用, 支持利用度对情绪性的亲社会倾向具有显著的正向预测作用。结论 小学留守儿童获得的社会支持越多, 表现出来的亲社会倾向越多, 主观支持和支持利用度是影响亲社会倾向的主要因素。

Objective To explore the relationship between social support and prosocial tendencies among the left-home kids in primary school, and provide theoretical reference to healthy growth education and positive qualities development of the left-home kids. Methods A total of 156 left-home kids and 163 non left-home kids were surveyed with Social Support Scale and Prosocial Tendencies Measure;Descriptive statistics, the T test, correlation and regression analysis were adopted to process the data. Results Social support and prosocial tendencies status of left-home kids was in medium high level;There were no significant differences on scores of subjective support, support utilization and 6 types of prosoical tendency between the left-home kids and non left-home kids;Left-home kids' objective support scores were significantly lower than that of non left-home kids (P<0.05).As for left-home kids, there was a certain degree of positive correlation between social support and prosocial tendencies(r=0.04~0.25, P<0.05 or <0.01).Subjective support was the significantly positive predictor for the public, anonymous, altruistic, compliant, dire prosocial tendencies.Support utilization was the significantly positive predictor for emotional prosocial tendency. Conclusions The more social support leads to the more prosocial tendencies among the left-home kids in primary school.Subjective support and support utilization are the main factors of prosocial tendencies.